INTOLERANCE TO GLUCOSE DURING PREGNANCY


Dr. Ruth-Maria Korth, Research in General Medicine FIDA, www.fidabus.com, Dr. Harald Korth, Frauenarzt, Baaderstr 80, D-80469, Munich, Germany.

The metabolism of glucose changes during pregnancy (R.-M. Korth, J. Submicrosc. Cytol. Pathol. 32, p. 434, 2000). We investigated the tolerance to glucose (GTT) of 180 pregnant women in their pregnancy week 23±2 after 50 g oral glucose (1h). The cases of pregnant women with intolerance to glucose increased here in our second five-year-study from 14% (Figur 1: 1995-1999) to 20% (Table 1: 2000-2004). The blood pressure of pregnant women remained normal as compared to nonpregnant women with intolerance to glucose who showed overweight with elevated blood pressure (4% from n=146, 207±60 mg/dl, BMI: 28±7kg/m2, 137±33/96±17 mmHg, 35±11 years. ± 1 S.D.).
The pregnant women of the second five-years-study showed normal capillary glucose 1 h after 50 g glucose (80%: 113±15 mg/dl) or intolerance to glucose (20%: 155±16 mg/dl, Tables 1+2). By preference women with intolerance to glucose tests obtained medical counseling for better food and exercising. The fasting blood glucose of these women remained normal and also the HBA1c (<110 mg/dl, HBA1c <6%). The intolerance to glucose could be antagonized by healthy food and exercising within 4 weeks (1h, 100 g, Table 2) despite one pregnant women who developed an insulin-dependent gestation diabetes. One child showed low birth weight and another child was not healthy. All other women remained healthy and their newborn children had normal birth weight (Tables 1+2).

      
Table 1: Intolerance to glucose during pregnancy (2000-2004, n=180, weeks 23±2):
1st GTT:
1995-1999:
2000-2004:
1st GTT, mg/dl:
Age, years:
weight, kg:
RR, systolic mmHg:
RR, diastolic mmHg:
Birth weight, g:		   <100 mg/dl
21%
16%
90±2
30±5
68±10
115±7
71±7
3515±567		   >=140-
7.5%
7.7%
142±2
31± 5
71±8
132±13
83±11
3128±870		   150-
3.5%
4.4%
155±3
34±5
73±6
106±5
71±10
3492±243		   160-
1.5%
3.8%
162±3
33±7
70±11
114±13
71±13
3071±226		   170-

1.7%
176±4
32±2
77±9
123±15
83±13
3255±360
1,5%		 180-

2.2%
234±44
35±6
68±13
105±6
75±9
3350±156

Table 2: Intolerance to glucose during pregnancy was antagonized by healthy food and exercising after 4 weeks:
2nd GTT:
Control GTT, mg/dl:
Fasting glucose, mg/dl:
Gestation diabetes, cases:
Birth weight, g:		   >=140- 169 mg/dl
129±24
67±11
Non
3309±574		   >=170 mg/dl
149±20
82±8
1
3303±233